Ключевые слова
Аннотация
Opera san’ati insonning ichki kechinmalarini musiqa, vokal va sahna harakati orqali yaxlit badiiy obrazga aylantirish imkonini beradigan murakkab san’at turidir. Ayniqsa, XIX asr oxiri va XX asr boshlarida italyan opera san’atida qahramonlarning ruhiy holatini yanada tabiiy va ta’sirchan ifodalashga bo‘lgan intilish kuchayadi. Ushbu jarayonda Giacomo Puccini ijodi alohida ahamiyat kasb etadi. Giacomo Puccini italyan opera san’atining eng yirik namoyandalaridan biri bo‘lib, uning ijodida vokal melodiyaning ifodaviyligi, orkestr va xonanda partiyalarining o‘zaro bog‘liqligi hamda dramatik vaziyatning musiqiy vositalar orqali ochib berilishi muhim o‘rin tutadi. Kompozitorning “La bohème”, “Madama Butterfly”, “Turandot” va “Tosca” kabi operalari jahon opera repertuarining muhim qismiga aylangan. “Tosca” operasining yaratilishi 1896–1899-yillar oralig‘iga to‘g‘ri keladi. Opera Luigi Illica va Giuseppe Giacosa librettosi asosida yaratilgan bo‘lib, uning dramaturgik manbasi fransuz dramaturgi Victorien Sardouning “La Tosca” dramasidir. Operaning birinchi namoyishi 1900-yil 14-yanvarda Rimdagi Teatro Costanzi teatrida bo‘lib o‘tgan. Premyerada Floria Tosca obrazini Ericlea Darclée, Mario Cavaradossi obrazini Emilio De Marchi, Scarpia obrazini Eugenio Giraldoni ijro etgan, spektaklga Leopoldo Mugnone dirijyorlik qilgan.
Библиографические ссылки
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Bernac, P. The Interpretation of French Song. London: Kahn & Averill, 1978.
Hines, J. Great Singers on Great Singing. New York: Doubleday, 1982.
Pirnazarov Jasurbek Muxamedalievich “Ózbek opera kórkem ónerinde lirik-dramatikalıq dawıslar” New Renaissance International scientific journal.-2026.-vol.3,Issue 7.-B.123-126.
Puccini, S., Weaver, W. (Ed.). The Puccini Companion. New York: W.W. Norton, 1994.
Sadie, S. (Ed.). The New Grove Dictionary of Opera. London: Macmillan, 1992.
Budden, J. Puccini: His Life and Works. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Osborne, C. The Complete Operas of Puccini. New York: Da Capo Press, 1981.