Keywords
Abstract
Qadimgi turkiy xalqlarda o‘lim va unga bog‘liq marosimlar jamiyat hayotining muhim va muqaddas qismlaridan biri bo‘lgan. Ular inson hayotining yakuniy bosqichi – o‘limga katta e’tibor berishgan, bu holatni faqat yo‘qotish emas, balki marhumning ruhi bilan bog‘lanish, uni ulug‘lash, arvohlar dunyosiga jo‘natish marosimi sifatida tushunishgan. Aza (yas, yo‘qotuv) marosimlari qadimgi turkiylarning diniy e’tiqodlari, ijtimoiy tuzilmalari va madaniy an’analari bilan chambarchas bog‘liq bo‘lgan.Qadimgi turkiylarning e’tiqodicha, inson ikki unsurdan tashkil topgan: tana (jasad) va jon (ruhi). O‘limda jon tanani tark etadi va “Ajlar yurti” yoki “Ukoq olami” deb atalgan narigi dunyoga yo‘l oladi. Bu olam turli manbalarda “Tengri” yoki “Yer-sub” kuchlari tomonidan boshqariladigan ruhlar dunyosi sifatida tasvirlanadi. Shu sababli, marhumni to‘g‘ri dafn qilish, unga zaruriy narsalarni yo‘l-yo‘rig‘i sifatida berish – uning ruhi tinch topishi uchun muhim hisoblangan.
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