RISK FACTORS FOR POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS FOLLOWING THE EXTRACTION OF IMPACTED THIRD MOLARS

Abstract

Impacted third molar extraction is a common procedure in oral and maxillofacial surgery, yet postoperative complications may affect recovery and quality of life. Common outcomes include pain, swelling, trismus, alveolar osteitis, surgical site infection, bleeding, and neurosensory disturbances. This article aims to examine the principal risk factors associated with complications following the removal of impacted third molars. A narrative review approach was used to consider evidence on patient-related characteristics, anatomical and radiological findings, surgical complexity, and preventive strategies. The reviewed literature suggests that smoking, pre-existing inflammation, medical conditions, medication use, tooth angulation, impaction depth, root morphology, and proximity to adjacent anatomical structures may influence specific postoperative outcomes.