Keywords
Abstract
Mazkur maqolada termodinamika fanining asosiy tushunchalari, qonunlari va ularning amaliy qo‘llanilish sohalari keng yoritilgan. Termodinamika — moddiy tizimlarning issiqlik, ish va energiya o‘zgarishlarini o‘rganadigan fizikaning muhim bo‘limi hisoblanadi.
Maqolada termodinamik tizimlar, holat funksiyalari, ichki energiya, issiqlik sig‘imi, entalpiya va entropiya kabi tushunchalar atroflicha tahlil qilinadi.
Shuningdek, termodinamikaning birinchi va ikkinchi qonunlarining fizik ma’nosi, matematik ifodalanishi hamda ularning issiqlik mashinalari (masalan, ichki yonuv dvigateli, bug‘ dvigateli, sovutkichlar va issiqlik nasoslari)dagi ahamiyati izohlanadi. Maqolada energiyaning saqlanish qonuni, Kelvin–Plank va Klausius formulalari orqali tabiatdagi jarayonlarning yo‘nalishliligi (irreversibil jarayonlar)ga doir masalalar tahlil qilinadi.
Bundan tashqari, termodinamikaning kimyoviy jarayonlar, biologik tizimlar va energiya samaradorligini oshirishdagi o‘rni ham yoritilgan. Maqolaning asosiy maqsadi — termodinamikaning nazariy asoslarini chuqur tushuntirish va uning muhandislik, ekologiya hamda kundalik hayotdagi amaliy ahamiyatini ko‘rsatishdir.
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