Keywords
Abstract
This study examines the main obstetric and perinatal complications associated with maternal obesity and evaluates the importance of preventive management during pregnancy. Obesity may increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders, preeclampsia, excessive fetal growth, prolonged labor, cesarean delivery, and neonatal complications. Particular attention was given to pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, maternal metabolic status, blood pressure, fetal growth, and antenatal monitoring.
The findings indicate that early identification of risk factors and individualized management, including nutritional counseling, appropriate physical activity, control of gestational weight gain, and regular maternal-fetal surveillance, may contribute to reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes. A comprehensive approach to the management of obese pregnant women is therefore important for improving maternal health, preventing obstetric complications, and optimizing perinatal outcomes.
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